Background
The Warring States Period was a time in Chinese history where the seven kingdoms were fighting for control. The period lasted for almost 200 years, from 475 BC to 221 BC. Throughout that time, the Qin State evolved to become the more powerful state. In 238 BC, Qin Shi Huang, then known as Ying Zheng, rose to the throne and formulated a battle plan to conquer the remaining six major states and to unify China. His plan was to focus on annexing each state, one by one. The main goals of the plan were to ally with the Yan and Qi, neutralize Wei and Chu, and conquer the Han and Zhao. (Princeton University, "Chinese Reunification.")
The Battles
Aftermath
After the conquest of Qin in 221 BC, Ying Zheng officially changed his name to Qin Shi Huang, meaning "First Emperor of Qin". He had unified northern China and would continue to expand the southern borders throughout his lifetime, going as far south as what is now Vietnam. The empire was divided into 36 prefectures and its capital was located at Xianyang. Qin Shi Huang had created a centralized state and an empire that would become the foundation for future Chinese dynasties. Although the Qin dynasty only lasted for 15 years, its influence and impact on Chinese history has lasted for centuries. (Princeton University, "Chinese Reunification.")
"We wouldn't have a China without Qin Shi Huang," says Harvard University's Peter Bol. "I think it's that simple."